Back to technologiesFDM – Fused Deposition Modeling
FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) is one of the most widespread and accessible 3D printing technologies, popular among both professionals and hobbyists. This process creates three-dimensional objects by extruding thermoplastic material, which is deposited layer by layer onto a build platform until the complete object is formed.
FDM Printing Process
The material is fed into the printer head, where it is melted at the required temperature (different plastics have different melting points, ranging from 180°C to 450°C). The head is attached to a three-axis system that allows movement along the X, Y, and Z axes. The molten material flows in thin strands through a nozzle (typically 0.2 to 1.2 mm in diameter) and is deposited layer by layer in the specified location. A heated print bed and enclosed chamber are crucial components for ensuring reliable printing, especially with more demanding materials.
Advantages of FDM Technology:
- Affordability and cost-effectiveness: FDM printing is widely accessible and budget-friendly, making it ideal for affordable prototyping and low-volume production.
- Capability for large prints: FDM printers come in various sizes, including models that allow large-format printing, suitable for industrial and architectural applications.
- Wide range of materials: A variety of filaments is available, including PLA, ASA, PETG, TPU, and other specialty materials, enabling applications ranging from functional prototypes to decorative objects.
Common Applications:
- Rapid prototyping: FDM is perfect for quickly testing designs and creating functional prototypes before moving into mass production.
- Functional part production: Thanks to the wide selection of filaments, parts with varying mechanical properties—such as flexibility, strength, and durability—can be produced.
- Customization and product personalization: The flexibility of FDM technology allows for the fast and easy production of customized products, like prosthetic devices, personalized phone holders, or unique design pieces.